Graft copolymerization of different mixtures of acrylic monomers on amylopectin. Swelling behavior

Hydroxylic and nonhydroxylic acrylates—methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butylacrylate (BA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), ethylenglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), and mixtures of HPMA–MA, HPMA–EA, HPMA–BA in a 50/50 feed composition—were grafted onto amylopectin with different amounts of crosslinking agent, EGDMA. Percent of total conversion, percent crude grafting, and influence of pH in water content were studied. In this sense it was only at pH 10 when a real variation in the water content could be seen. It was also proved that the highest values were obtained when one of the comonomers was EGDMA with a 34 mol% of the initial feed composition. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Sphere Lower Bound for Rotated Lattice Constellations in Fading Channels

We study the error probability performance of rotated lattice constellations in frequency-flat Nakagami-m block-fading channels. In particular, we use the sphere lower bound on the underlying infinite lattice as a performance benchmark. We show that the sphere lower bound has full diversity. We observe that optimally rotated lattices with largest known minimum product distance perform very close to the lower bound, while the ensemble of random rotations is shown to lack diversity and perform far from it.     

Influence of deposition parameters on hole mobility in polymorphous silicon

Time-of-flight transient photoconductivity measurements reveal a monotonic increase with the deposition pressure in the hole mobility in polymorphous silicon for samples deposited under hydrogen dilution. With helium dilution, a maximum mobility that matches the highest value from H-dilution samples is measured at the intermediate pressure of 1.4 Torr. The deposition rate of those samples is twice the rate for the H-dilution ones. For the samples with the best hole mobilities, the valence-band tail is comparable to the one of standard hydrogenated amorphous silicon.     

Phase method for monitoring the permittivity of different media

A nondestructive method was developed for rapidly monitoring the permittivities of solid, liquid, and gaseous materials, based on measuring the phase difference of signals passing along two transmission lines and comparing the parameters of the “standard” and “investigated” media. The design of a volume-integral microwave transducer is considered together with its operating principle and its range of application. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 53–55, April, 1996.     

Effect of Microstructure on the Accelerated Creep of 20CrMoV12‐1 and P 91 Steels

In the initial part the change of microstructure for steel X20 CrMoV 121 is discussed in terms of the distribution of carbide precipitates and its effects on accelerated creep resistance and hardness are presented. In the following, experimental results of microstructure and accelerated creep resistance are presented for the steels X20CrMoV 121 and P91 annealed for up to 8760 hours at 650°C and 750°C before the testing. A similar evolution of the distribution of carbide particles of a size above 102 nm is found for both steels, while the accelerated creep resistance is diminished much stronger for the steel X20CrMoV 121. This difference is due to a greater stability of NbC than that of VC precipitates, both related to the evolution of the chemical composition of complex chromium, molybdenum and iron carbide particles.     

Josephson junction with an amorphous silicon barrier

A Josephson junction Nb/Si/Nb with a 10 nm thick amorphous silicon barrier is studied. The upper electrode contains a 2 nm thick sublayer of amorphous phase adjacent to the barrier, as revealed by cross-sectional TEM. Thus, the junction can be considered as a S-I-N-S system with the N layer represented by amorphous niobium. Peculiarities in the I–V and Δ(T) dependencies are observed and explained as a consequence of a proximity effect present in the upper electrode.     

Computer program for the construction of the level scheme on the basis of energy balance of gamma transitions

A computerised method is presented for the construction of the level scheme on the basis of measured energies of the gamma transitions without any previous knowledge of the observed isotope. The method and the steps of the algorithm are discussed. The calculated results are compared with the published schemes for the given isotopes.     

Correlation between magnetic hysteresis and magnetic relaxation in YBaCuO single crystals

The dependence of the magnetic momentm obtained from the hysteresis loops on the speed of the magnetic field sweep =dH _ext/dt is explained on the basis of Anderson's interpretation of the magnetic flux creep. In addition, a phenomenological model is suggested which predicts a linear dependence ofm on ln with the slope m/ ln , numerically equal to the relaxation rate m/ ln(t) from the usual magnetic relaxation. Such linear relations betweenm and ln were observed experimentally in single crystals of YBaCuO. Preliminary experiments on the complementary time dependent relaxation ofm after a simulated step change ofH _ext gave mostly relaxation rates close to the predicted values. The model here presented also enables one to compare the critical state in the superconductor at a field sweep rate with the critical state at some timet _eff after a step change ofH _ext. The values of analyzed in our experiments actually correspond to the critical state at timest _eff between0.04 and4 sec after an imaginary large step change ofH _ext.